Preface
This year appears to be the year of the sound suppressor. With the tax on transfers removed, and support for the NFA reduced to only the boot-licking tyrants in government. It would seem the market has responded in turn with an unbelievable bloom in production. It seems everyone is making suppressors (or silencers if you prefer), with countless new models coming out every day. Companies who were never known for such products are now releasing entire families of suppressors. With such a massive increase in options it the market, it can be very intimidating when you wish to choose one. Today we are going to discuss the process of selecting a suppressor. What is the Best Suppressor? How to choose the right silencer for you is about what you need to know, and what to avoid; almost like a friend walking you through the process.
The Law
Many of us have been infringed upon by the National Firearms Act (NFA) for decades. If you are new to it, we should make a few clarifications. The NFA was passed in 1934 to establish an excise tax and registration on various firearms configurations. Perhaps at the time people were more naive about such things, but today they are simply arrogant tyrants for continuing its enforcement.
The NFA required a government sanctioned approval and a two-hundred dollar tax to be paid before a person or entity could legally own the following; Suppressors/silencers, Machine Guns, Short-Barreled Rifles (SBR’s) and Shotguns (SBS’s), Destructive Devices, and Any Other Weapons (AOW). The last one there to allow them the ability of classifying anything they deem scary or too dangerous to be regulated.
The How
All this is overseen and enforced by exactly who you wouldn’t want to; the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives (ATF). The very same group of people responsible for such travesties as Waco and Ruby Ridge. If you are unfamiliar with the ATF and their policies and actions, you should look into it.
Transfers of NFA regulated items are done using a variety of different forms from the ATF, much like tax forms from the IRS. Depending on a few particulars, you might use one of these different forms to transfer an item.
Basically you go to a dealer of NFA items, whether it be a local class 3 firearms dealer or one of the various online vendors like Silencer Central. After picking out a particular item you like, you pay the vendor for it and they have you fill out the appropriate paperwork or online forms. These are then submitted with photographs and fingerprints to the ATF for approval. And like any government agency it has traditionally been a painful wait. Particularly for a suppressor which by itself isn’t even dangerous.
Selecting a Suppressor
“Let’s talk about suppressors already” you are probably saying, you didn’t come here for a bunch of legal talk. But if you did come for additional recommendations on how to do it, I’ll add some more recommendations at the bottom.
Budget
Like any purchase, you’ll want to have a budget when you start. Now that the two-hundred dollar infringement fee has been removed, you no longer need to account for that in your budget. There are cans from anywhere as little as 150$ up to many thousands of dollars. So decide what you are willing to invest in your suppressor, and then count on another 10-20 percent. Why?
For the most part, a suppressor is a lifetime purchase. The bureaucracy required to transfer them means most folks keep a can for its lifetime. So if you are potentially going be stuck with something for life, you may as well splurge a little and get the better one. If the six-hundred dollar model will suit your needs, maybe get the eight-hundred dollar model.
Host Firearms
Considering which firearm hosts you intend to use the suppressor with has a great impact on what model you choose. And keep in mind that over a lifetime things can change. You might only want a 30-caliber suppressor today, but ten years from now you might have a .35 caliber.
So evaluate the hosts you have and might potentially have in the future when looking at suppressors. This is particularly important if this is your first and only suppressor. Whereas if you plan on becoming an NFA stamp collector like the rest of us, you might just buy a variety of suppressors.
Different suppressors work better for different types of host firearms. Semi-auto firearms for example tend to suffer from back-pressure when suppressed. While single shot firearms are essentially unaffected by the issue. There are different suppressor designs to optimize use with all the different host types. You also need to keep in mind bore-size as well as pressure. A 30-30 and a 30 Nosler will both go through a 30-caliber suppressor, but larger magnum pressure and volume cartridges might be too much for some suppressors.
Suppressor Types
Suppressors have been affected by technology just like everything else today. Traditional suppressors were made using a stack of baffles within a tube. Resulting in a stack of chambers with a central hole through each. The bullet could pass from the muzzle of the rifle through each chamber and out the muzzle of the can. But the expansive gases rushing from the barrel would get progressively trapped and slowed as they go through each chamber.
More modern designs use all different kinds of ways to capture and slow the gas flow from the host. But the idea is the same, reducing the exit speed of the gas greatly reduces the sound signature from the host.
Modern manufacturing methods like direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) or 3D-printing as many people call it have changed the game. These technologies have made unprecedented designs possible to make, and it’s pretty cool.
Function
Suppressors work by reducing high pressure expelled from their muzzle which removed the supersonic report. Energy cannot be destroyed, only converted, so you can turn high pressure into either heat or noise. Some suppressors are very quiet and they tend to get pretty warm because they capture so much energy. Flow-thru style cans tend to be a little louder in my experience, but the trade off is less back pressure and heat. Different designs reduce report in different ways. Flow-thru style cans typically redirect gases slowing their escape to a reasonable volume.
Materials
Carbon steel has traditionally been used for suppressors. But modern metal alloys have made them even more robust and resistant to erosion. Erosion takes place when very high temperature gasses with included burning powder residues are blasted through the suppressor. The heat, pressure and debris cause wear on the internal surfaces of the suppressor. Better materials like inconel, stainless steel and cobalt are being used to improve durability of suppressors.
Mounting Solutions
Each suppressor manufacturer has typically come up with their own suppressor mount. These muzzle devices typically incorporate a muzzle brake design or flash hider for use when the suppressor is absent. These are often used as a quick and secure way to install the can to its host firearm.
But again, American ingenuity has upped this game as well. In recent years US suppressor manufacturers have began making their cans using a uniform industry standard hub system. The hub system uses a 1.375×24 thread, and it allows the user to quickly change out the mounting solution. You can use any number of thread patterns or muzzle devices to mount your suppressor.
Overbore
While there are plenty of different options, one thing you should keep in mind is that bore size isn’t everything. For example, there are plenty of 6.5 caliber suppressor options. But most 30 caliber suppressors will work just fine for 6.5’s. So if you are buying your first can, don’t limit yourself to that 6.5 suppressor if you have other firearms that could also benefit from a 30-caliber can.
A couple examples from my collection; the YHM R9 is a 9mm bore suppressor, and can be used on my 9mm pistols and carbines. But it is also rated for up to 308 Winchester, so I can also use it on my 5.56, 6.5CM and 308 Win rifles. That is a huge leg up for that suppressor, allowing some folks to suppress their entire gun collection with a single can.
Another option is my Silencer Co Omega 36M, this suppressor can be reduced in both bore diameter and length. You can change the muzzle-cap for different calibers, and remove a section of the baffles to reduce overall length. So long as you have enough bore clearance, you can use oversized suppressors. Undersized suppressors on the other hand have a very short life when used on larger calibers (usually no more than a single round before turning into range debris). Do not try it.
Choosing Your Next Suppressor
So with all that information at your attention, let’s look at individual selection. Let’s say you have a typical AR style rifle chambered in 5.56, something you want to be quiet but for high volume shooting.
Semi-Autos
If you shoot outdoors and aren’t as worried about getting gas blown back from the action, you could use a traditional can like the YHM Turbo. I have several of these cans and I love the sound suppression and the gas blowback isn’t bad. They are also very affordable and rated for heavy strings of fire.
Or perhaps you want something a little tougher, and with lower back pressure? I also have a Banish Speed K, a 3D printed inconel suppressor. It couples some flow through technology to reduce back pressure and increase durability.
You could also spend the money buying one of the flow-thru type suppressors that greatly reduce the blow back. Something like the Huxwrx Flow 5.56 or the Wolf Pack Armory Romulus 5.56 suppressor. While they may cost more than traditional cans, the payoff is significant.
Pistols
Semi-auto pistols often require a booster assembly to function. The booster is a necessary part that allows the barrel and slide of your pistol to function properly with the added mass of the suppressor.
These boosters are’t always included with the suppressor itself, and you’ll probably have to also purchase the appropriate piston that will integrate the booster with your barrel.
Bolt-Action/Single Shot
But what if you are just a deer hunter looking for a can to make your hunting experience more pleasant? There are countless cans at your reach that do a great job on bolt-action rifles. Bolt guns are barely affected by blow back, and so going with a traditionally-manufactured less-expensive suppressor is an easy choice.
There are just a few things that I consider when looking at cans for this purpose. Weight is a big one if you are roaming the Rockies like me, and the caliber or cartridges you plan to use with it as well. If you are hunting with a 6.5CM most of the time you don’t need a great big or tough suppressor. Whereas if you hunt with a 300 RUM you probably best look at some magnum rated suppressors.
Something like a Dead Air Nomad will cover most hunting cartridges under 30-caliber. They are reasonably priced, but there is also a titanium model for additional cost and weight savings. If you are looking for something nicer, you might look at the titanium ThunderBeast options.
Flow-thru and semi-flow-thru cans can also work just fine on your single-shot firearms. I use a couple different Anechoic Anechox suppressors with a 35-caliber bore, but they have worked great on everything from semi-auto .223 and 6mm ARC up to the mighty 338 Lapua Magnum.
It’s a Modular World
I mentioned the modular hub mounting system, but there is more modularity to modern cans than just that. Different end caps allow you to optimize your can for the caliber choice of the day.
As one who dabbles quite a bit in multi-caliber modular rifles, having modular cans that can adapt with its host is convenient. My Desert Tech WLVRN can be a 5.56 one day and a .308 the next, so keeping one can that can do double or even triple duty is handy.
There is no free lunch however. A suppressor good at many things isn’t likely to be exceptional at more than one. A heavy duty full-auto can will take some serious abuse, but it is likely going to be heavier. And a lightweight titanium can would be great for your hunting rifle, but won’t likely stand up to heavy strings of fire as well.
Prepare Yourself
If you are starting down this road, get ready to accelerate. I know very few people who got one suppressor and said: that’ll do. Everybody I know typically gets one after another because they are too much fun.
To that end I would strongly recommend a gun trust. A personal transfer make any NFA item your legal property, whereas a trust can be accessed by multiple people. This allows several people to put their property together (like a family or friends) and more than one person can use the assortment. A trust has both pros and costs, but I’ve found it to be a much better situation. Silencer Central even offers assistance creating your trust. There is also a great list of frequently asked questions here.
Last Words
Read much, and study up. there are many important things you should know as a suppressor owner. It is an addictive habit, just like shooting. Make sure you do it right the first time, and like I said don’t be afraid to splurge a little bit for a lifetime purchase. Hopefully this has been helpful, if you have any questions feel free to reach out. And don’t forget to abolish the NFA and those who enforce it!